Daily Static MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams - Science and Technology (15 December 2023)

Daily Static MCQs Quiz for UPSC, IAS, UPPSC/UPPCS, MPPSC. BPSC, RPSC & All State PSC Exams

Subject : Science and Technology(8 December 2023)

1. Consider the following statements:

1. The process of respiration in plants involves the breakdown of glucose to release energy.
2. Stomata are tiny openings in the epidermis of leaves that regulate gas exchange.
3. Xylem is responsible for the transport of organic nutrients within the plant.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four

Answer: (B)

Explanation: The process of respiration in plants involves the breakdown of glucose to release energy. This process occurs in the mitochondria of plant cells and is essential for the plant's survival and growth. The overall chemical equation for cellular respiration in plants is:
C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 (oxygen) → 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + Energy Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Stomata are indeed tiny openings in the epidermis of leaves that regulate gas exchange. They allow the plant to take in carbon dioxide, which is needed for photosynthesis, and release oxygen, which is a byproduct of photosynthesis. Additionally, stomata play a crucial role in water vapor exchange, helping the plant regulate its temperature. Hence statement 2 is correct
Xylem is primarily responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals throughout the plant. It does not transport organic nutrients, which are primarily transported by phloem. Hence statement 3 is not correct


2. Consider the following statements:

Statement-I: ELISA is a technique used for the detection of specific proteins.
Statement-II: ELISA involves the use of an enzyme-labeled antibody for detection.

Which of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
(c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect.
(d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct.

Answer: (B)

Explanation: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an immunological assay commonly used to measure antibodies, antigens, proteins and glycoproteins in biological samples. Hence, statement-I is correct.
ELISA, relies heavily on an enzyme-tagged antibody for detection. This antibody binds the target molecule, triggering an enzyme reaction that amplifies a signal, making even low concentrations of the target readily visible. This allows ELISA to not only detect, but also quantify the target molecule, making it a valuable tool in research and diagnostics. Hence, statement-II is correct.
Therefore, both statements are correct.
While Statement-II describes a key step in the ELISA process, it doesn't fully explain how ELISA detects specific proteins.


3. Consider the following statement:

1. Augmented Reality(AR) allows users to interact with the real world while overlaying digital information.
2. In Virtual Reality(VR), the physical environment is completely replaced by a virtual simulation.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: (C)

Explanation: Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digital information onto the real world, allowing users to interact with both simultaneously. This is demonstrably true in games like Pokémon Go, where virtual creatures appear in the user's real environment. Hence, statement 1 is correct
Virtual reality (VR) creates a simulated environment that replaces the physical world. VR is a computer-generated simulation of an alternate reality. It's used in 3D movies, video games, training, education, science, and virtual tours. Hence, statement 2 is correct


4. It has a four-stage system comprising a combination of solid and liquid-fuelled rocket stages. The first stage at the very bottom is solid fuelled having six strap-on solid rocket boosters wrapped around it. Second stage is liquid fuelled whereas the third stage has a solid fuelled rocket motor. At the fourth stage, the launcher uses a liquid propellant to boost in the outer space. It has got highest success rate and considered as work horse of ISRO.

The above paragraph is about to which of the following:

(a) GSLV
(b) PSLV
(c) SLV
(d) None of the above

Answer: (B)

Explanation: PSLV boasts a remarkable success rate of over 97%, making it one of the most reliable launch vehicles in operation. This, along with its versatility and affordability, has earned it the title of "workhorse" for ISRO, responsible for numerous successful launches throughout its history.


5. Consider the following statements:

1. DRDO is responsible for the development of indigenous defense technologies.
2. BrahMos is a joint venture between India and Russia for the development of supersonic cruise missiles.
3. HAL is the primary aerospace and defense company in India.
4. Tejas is an indigenous multi-role light combat aircraft developed by India.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only three
(c) Only four
(d) All five

Answer: (B)

Explanation: The Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) plays a crucial role in enhancing India's self-reliance in the defense sector. They are responsible for developing various cutting-edge technologies, systems, and products for the Indian Armed Forces. Hence, statement 1 is correct. BrahMos is a joint venture between India and Russia for the development, production, and marketing of supersonic cruise missiles. Hence, statement 2 is correct
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) is an Indian public sector aerospace and defence company, headquartered in Bangalore. Established on 23 December 1940, HAL is one of the oldest and largest aerospace and defence manufacturers in the world. Hence statement 3 is correct
Tejas is an indigenous multi-role light combat aircraft developed by India. The project was undertaken by the Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) in collaboration with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL). Hence, statement4 is correct